and for the Board Examination (Class X) to be held in 2013 ... Note : The Board
reserves the right to amend syllabi and courses as and when it deems necessary.
... Published by Secretary, C.B.S.E, 'Shiksha Kendra', 2, Community Centre, ...
SECONDARY SCHOOL CURRICULUM 2013
Volume 1 Main Subjects
Effective from the academic session 2011-2012 of Class IX and for the Board Examination (Class X) to be held in 2013
CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION Shiksha Kendra, 2-Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Vikas Marg, DELHI-110 092
© CBSE, Delhi - 110092
Feb. 2011
Copies :
Price : Rs.
Note : The Board reserves the right to amend syllabi and courses as and when it deems necessary. The Schools are required to strictly follow the syllabi and text books prescribed by the Board for the academic sessions and examinations concerned. No deviation is permissible.
Published by Secretary, C.B.S.E, ‘Shiksha Kendra’, 2, Community Centre, Preet Vihar, Delhi - 110092 Designed by Multigraphics, 5745/81, Regharpura, Karol Bagh, New Delhi # 25783846 & Printed at :
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22
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gj Hkk"kk dk viuk ,d fu;e vkSj O;kdj.k gksrk gSA Hkk"kk dh bl izÑfr dh igpku djkus esa ifjos'kxr vkSj ikBxr lanHkks± dk gh iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A ;g iwjh izfØ;k ,slh gksuh pkfg, fd fo|kFkhZ Lo;a dks 'kks/ drkZ le>s rFkk vè;kid blesa osQoy funsZ'ku djsaA
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fganh esa {ks=kh; iz;ksxksa] vU; Hkk"kkvksa ds iz;ksxksa osQ mnkgj.k ls ;g ckr Li"V dh tk ldrh gS fd Hkk"kk vyxko esa ugha curh vkSj mldk ifjos'k vfuok;Z :i ls cgqHkkf"kd gksrk gSA
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'kkjhfjd ck/kxzLr fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, mi;qDr f'k{k.k&lkexzh dk bLrseky fd;k tk, rFkk fdlh Hkh izdkj ls mUgsa vU; fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls derj ;k vyx u le>k tk,A
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d{kk esa vè;kid dks gj izdkj dh fofHkUurkvksa (fyax] tkfr] oxZ] /eZ) ds izfr ldkjkRed vkSj laosnu'khy okrkoj.k fufeZr djuk pkfg,A
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ijaijk ls pys vk jgs eqgkojksa] dgkorksa (tSsls] jkuh :Bsaxh rks viuk lqgkx ysaxh) vkfn ds T+kfj, fofHkUu izdkj ds iwokZxzgksa dh le> iSnk djuh pkfg, vkSj muds iz;ksx osQ izfr vkykspukRed n`f"V fodflr djuh pkfg,A
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eè; dkyhu dkO; dh Hkk"kk osQ eeZ ls fo|kFkhZ dk ifjp; djkus osQ fy, T+k:jh gksxk fd fdrkcksa eas vk, dkO;ka'kksa dh laxhrc¼ izLrqfr;ksa osQ vkWfM;ks&ohfM;ks dSlsV rS;kj fd, tk,¡A vxj vklkuh ls dksbZ xk;d@xkf;dk feys rks d{kk esa eè;dkyhu lkfgR; ds vè;kiu&f'k{k.k esa mlls enn yh tkuh pkfg,A
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o`Ùkfp=kksa vkSj iQ+hpj fiQ+Yeksa dks f'k{k.k&lkexzh osQ rkSj ij bLrseky djus dh T+k:jr gSA buosQ izn'kZu ds Øe esa bu ij yxkrkj ckrphr osQ T+kfj, flusek osQ ekè;e ls Hkk"kk ds iz;ksx dh fof'k"Vrk dh igpku djkbZ tk ldrh gS vkSj fganh dh vyx&vyx NVk fn[kkbZ tk ldrh gSA
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d{kk esa fliQZ ,d ikB~;iqLrd dh HkkSfrd mifLFkfr ls csgrj ;g gS f'k{kd osQ gkFk esa rjg&rjg dh ikB~;lkexzh dks fo|kFkhZ ns[k losaQ vkSj f'k{kd mudk d{kk esa vyx&vyx ekSdksa ij bLrseky dj losaQA
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Hkk"kk yxkrkj xzg.k djus dh fØ;k esa curh gS] bls iznf'kZr djus dk ,d rjhdk ;g Hkh gS fd f'k{kd [kqn ;g fl[kk losaQ fd os Hkh 'kCndks'k] lkfgR;dks'k] lanHkZxzaFk dh yxkrkj enn ys jgs gSaA blls fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa buosQ bLrseky djus dks ysdj rRijrk cuk
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oSpkfjd erHksn gksus ij Hkh oDrk dh ckr dks è;kuiwoZd] /S;ZiwoZd o f'k"Vkpkjkuqdy izdkj ls lquuk o oDrk osQ n`f"Vdks.k dks le>uk
z
KkukZtu] euksjatu o izsj.kk xzg.k djus gsrq lquuk
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oDrO; dk vkykspukRed fo'ys"k.k dj lqudj mldk lkj xzg.k djuk
Jo.k (lquuk) dk ewY;kadu ijh{kd fdlh izklafxd fo"k; ij ,d vuqPNsn dk Li"V okpu djsxkA vuqPNsn rF;kRed ;k lq>kokRed gks ldrk gSA vuqPNsn yxHkx 150 'kCnksa dk gksuk pkfg,A ijh{kd dks lqurs&lqurs ijh{kkFkhZ vyx dkxT+k ij fn, gq, Jo.k cks/u ds vH;klksa dks gy dj ldsaxsA vH;kl fjDr LFkku iwfrZ] cgqfodYih vFkok lR; @vlR; dk pquko vkfn foèkkvksa esa gks ldrs gSaA
24
okpu (cks y uk) z
Ckksyrs le; Hkyh izdkj mPpkj.k djuk xfr] y;] vkjksg&vojksg mfpr cyk?kkr o vuqrku lfgr cksyuk] lLoj dfork&okpu] dFkk&dgkuh vFkok ?kVuk lqukuk
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vkRefo'okl] lgtrk o /kjk izokg cksyuk] dk;ZØe&izLrqfr
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Hkkoksa dk lfEeJ.k tSls g"kZ] fo"kkn] foLe;] vknj vkfn dks izHkko'kkyh :i ls O;Dr djuk Hkkokuqdwy laokn&okpu
z
vkSipkfjd o vukSipkfjd Hkk"kk esa Hksn dj ldus esa oqQ'ky gksuk o izfrfozQ;kvksa dks fu;af=kr o f'k"V Hkk"kk esa izdV djuk
z
ekSf[kd vfHkO;fDr dks ozQec¼] izdj.k dh ,drk lfgr o ;FkklaHko laf{kIr j[kuk
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Lokxr djuk] ifjp; djuk /U;okn nsuk] Hkk"k.k] okn&fookn] ÑrKrk Kkiu] laosnuk o c/kbZ bR;kfn ekSf[kd dkS'kyksa dk mi;ksx
z
eap Hk; ls eqDr gksdj izHkko'kkyh us dh lkekU; ;ksX;rk gS] fdUrq lqlac¼ vk'k; dks ugha le> ikrkA
f'k{kkFkhZ dsoy vyx&vyx 'kCnksa vkSj inksa ds iz;ksx dh ;ksX;rk iznf'kZr djrk gS fdUrq ,d lqlac¼ Lrj ij ugha cksy ldrkA
3-
NksVs lqlac¼ dFkuksa dks ifjfpr lanHkksZ esa le>us 3dh ;ksX;rk gSA
ifjfpr lanHkksZ esa dsoy NksVs lqlac¼ lhfer 'kq¼rk ls iz;ksx djrk gSA
5-
ifjfpr ;k vifjfpr nksuksa lanHkksZ esa dfFkr lwpuk 5dks Li"V le>us dh ;ksX;rk gSA v'kqf¼;k¡ djrk gS ftlls izs"k.k esa #dkoV vkrh gSA
vis{kk-r nh?kZ Hkk"k.k esa vf/d tfVy dFkuksa ds iz;ksx dh ;ksX;rk iznf'kZr djrk gS vHkh Hkh dqN v'kqf¼;k¡ djrk gSA ftlls izs"k.k esa #dkoV vkrh gSA
7-
nh?kZ dFkuksa dh J`a[kyk dks i;kZIr 'kq¼rk ls le>rk 7gS vkSj fu"d"kZ fudky ldrk gSA
vifjfpr fLFkfr;ksa esa fopkjksa dks rkfdZd ukA
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ifBr vuqPNsnksa osQ 'kh"kZd ,oa mi'kh"kZd nsuk
z
dfork osQ izeq[k miknku rqd] y;] ;fr vkfn ls ifjfpr gksukA
fVIi.kh%& iBu osQ fy, lkekftd] lkaLÑfrd] izkÑfrd] dykRed euksoSKkfud] oSKkfud rFkk [ksy&owQn vkSj euksjatu laca/h lkfgR; osQ ljy va'k pqus tk,¡A fy[kus dh ;ksX;rk,¡ z
fyfi osQ ekud :i dk gh O;ogkj djukA
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fojke&fpUgksa dk lgh iz;ksx djukA
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ys[ku osQ fy, lfozQ; (O;ogkjksi;ksxh) 'kCn Hk.Mkj dh o`f¼ djukA
z
izHkkoiw.kZ Hkk"kk rFkk ys[ku&'kSyh dk LokHkkfod :i ls iz;ksx djukA
z
mi;qDr vuqPNsnksa esa ck¡Vdj fy[kukA
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izkFkZuk i=k] fuea=k.k i=k] c/kbZ i=k] laosnuk i=k] vkns'k i=k] vkfn fy[kuk] rkj fy[kuk vkSj fofo/ izi=kksa dks Hkjuk A
z
fofo/ lzksrksa ls vko';d lkexzh ,d=k dj vHkh"V fo"k; ij fucU/ fy[kukA
z
ns[kh gqbZ ?kVukvksa dk o.kZu djuk vkSj mu ij viuh izfrfozQ;k izdV djukA
z
ius dh ;ksX;rk dk fodkl djukA
l
d{kk esa cgqHkkf"kd] cgqlkaLÑfrd lanHkks± ds izfr laosnu'khy ldkjkRed lksp cukukA
l
viuh ekr`Hkk"kk vkSj ifjos'kxr Hkk"kk dks lkFk j[kdj fganh dh lajpukvksa dh le> cukukA
f'k{k.k ;qfDr;k¡ % l
f}rh; Hkk"kk osQ :i esa irk 7- vifjfpr fLFkfr;ksa esa fopkjksa dks rkfdZd
