Diabetes. Yes=1. 12.7. Asian/Pacific/Pacific islander=3. 2.29. Sleep duration. Normal. 58.56. Native American=4. 1.59. Very Short. 3.94. Other/Multiracial=5. 2.45.
The Role of Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, Education, and Marital Status in the Relationship between Chronic Health Conditions and Habitual Sleep Duration XiaoWen Ji Ph.D.,1 Michael A. Grandner Ph.D., M.T.R.2, Megan E. Petrov, PhD3 1. School of psychology, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada; 2. Sleep and Health Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona 3. College of Nursing & Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA ❑ Chronic diseases, depression and problematic sleep frequently co-occur. ❑ Both short and long sleep durations are more associated with multiple chronic diseases and depression1,2. ❑ As suggested by population-based studies, individuals with sleep duration of 5 or less/9 or more are more likely to have incident diabetes. The “extreme sleep duration” is also an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease and colorectal cancer3,4,5. ❑ Depression and physical chronic illness can also severely interfere with patients’ sleep due to the symptoms of the disease, side-effect from medical treatments and other chronic burdens along with the disease6,7. ❑ Different sleep patterns from societal perspective: the probability of short sleep increased among those with less educational level, lowest income, African American and full-time workers8. ❑ There are disagreement on risk factors for long sleeper9,10, depending on race, age and SES . ❑ Studies on relationship between depression and sleep duration in different demographical groups are not as much as those on chronic disease and sleep.
Table 1. Characteristics of the Participants (N = 491,773) Variables
Scale
Percent (%)
Variables
Scale
Percent (%)
Age
80+=0 70s=1 60s=2 50s=3 40s=4 30s=5 20s=6
8.25 14.25 21.56 20.53 13.93 11.28 10.19
Heart diseases Skin Cancer Other cancers
Yes=1 (No=0) Yes=1
11.69 9.28
Asthma
Yes=1 Yes=1
9.61 13.7
Pulmonary diseases
Yes=1
8.32
Male=1
40.93 Arthritis
Yes=1
33.8
Sex Race
Education
Non-Hispanic White=0
77.91
African-American=1
8.10
Kidney disease
Yes=1
3.25
Hispanic/Latino=2
7.67
Diabetes
Yes=1
12.7
Asian/Pacific/Pacific islander=3 Native American=4
2.29
Sleep duration
Normal
58.56
1.59
Very Short
3.94
Other/Multiracial=5
2.45
Short
28.81
College graduate=0
34.76
Long
8.69
Some College=1
27.42
Depression Diagnosis Yes=1
19.57
High School=2
29.20
Chronic disease (calculated) BMI
1 or More=1
56.39
Normal
33.33
Less than high school=3 8.61
Research objectives
Marital Status
❖ By using the nation-wide survey (BRFSS) 2013, this study aims to investigate the risk of very short (
