Social Media Use by College Students Relationship

Proceeding Annual Conference on Economics, Business, Accounting and Social Sciences (ACEBASS) 2017

“Sustainability Development in Achieving Economic Independence” October 13, 2017 – October 14, 2017 Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia

Editor Handoko

ISBN: 978-602-5539-03-9

LPTIK Universitas Andalas

Proceeding Annual Conference on Economics, Business, Accounting and Social Sciences (ACEBASS) 2017

“Sustainability Development in Achieving Economic Independence” October 13, 2017 – October 14, 2017 Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia Organized by:

Universitas Dharma Andalas Universiri Selangor Conference Manager Heru Aulia Azman Editor Handoko Advisory Board Prof. Mohd. Zaidi Hajazi, Universiti Selangor, Malaysia Prof. Herri Herri, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Dr. Rahmi Fahmy, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Scientific Board (Reviewer) Dr. Endri SE, ME Prof. Nasri Bachtiar, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Dr. Noor Azilah Husein, Universiti Selangor, Malaysia Prof. Amran Amran, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia Dr. Hafiz Rahman, Huddersfield University, Indonesia Dr. Vera Pujani, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia Dr. Yudi Fernando, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia Dr. Yulia Hendri Yeni, Universitas Andalas, Indonesia ISBN: 978-602-5539-03-9 Published By LPTIK Universitas Andalas

TABLE OF CONTENTS Name Almasdi

Title Entrepreneurial Index of Farmers Applying Specialization and Diversification Farming System: Case Study of Vegetable Farmers in Kabupaten Agam

Anas Mukhsin Osman, Nor Azilah Husin, Hendra Lukito, Khairi Ariffin

Conceptualising The Framework For Healthcare Employee Loyalty in Malaysia Hospital

9

Anggi Pratama Nst

The Effect of Independence a Fact & in Appearance a Maintaining Independence Attitude on Internal Auditor of The Financial and Development Consultative Agency (BPKP) North Sumatera Province

19

Anggiat Sinurat

Policy Analysis of Special Economic Zone Sei Mangkei Development Agroindustry in Perspective Rural Urban Linkage

26

Aries Tanno, Anne Putri, Isteti Murni, Afriyeni

Investor Reaction To Real Earnings Management For Tax Avoidance (The Case Of Indonesia)

42

Darus Altin Dony Yanuar, Vebtasvili,

Measurement Popularity and Site Content Website of State-Owned Enterprises Shariah Banking in Indonesia

54

Dona Amelia Juarsa Badri

Information Availability and Regulation Enforcement to Support 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) Waste Management Program in Bukittinggi

66

Felicita Yii Meei Yong

Case Study: Challenges at a Rural School in This 21st Century The Effect of Situational Normality and Information Privacy Concerns Towards Trusting Belief in Electronic Retailing

77

Analysis of Implementation of Financial Reporting on Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) in Padang City

94

Harryanto Gani, Yulia Hendri Yeni Lovelly Dwinda Dahen, Alfattory Rheza Syahrul, Vella Anggresta

Page 1

83

Lucy Chairoel, Fitria Rahmi Mellyna Eka Yan Fitri

Impact and Affect Internal Factor to ICT Adoption in Padang SMEs Social Media Use by College Students Relationship to Gpa The Role of Learning Orientation as Mediating Variable in The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Employee Performance

103

Prima Yulianti, Mellyna Eka Yan Fitri

The Evaluation of Student Achievement of Behavior Learning and Student Learning Motivation in Padang

136

Rahmi Fahmy, Nasri Bachtiar, Dwi Aldi Saleh

Characteristics of Educated Unemployment in Indonesia: Case Study in West Sumatra Province

143

Ratnawati Raflis, Elsa Yulianda

The Influence of Firm Size and Institutional Ownership Structure on Corporate Social Responsibility

159

Rahmadhona Fitri Helmi

Government Website Usage by officials manager In Implementation of Public Information Disclosure Law For Realization of Good Governance (Case Study: Padang City Government And Padang Pariaman Local Government)

165

Riri Putri Dika

Factor Analysis Affecting Dividend Policy in Syariah Capital Market, Jakarta Islamic Index (Jii) Evidence : Indonesia Stock Exchange

174

Sari Octavera

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility, Good Corporate Governance, and Intellectual Capital to Financial Performance (Empirical Study On Lq45 Stock Index Listing On Indonesia Stock Exchange in The Period 2012-2016

183

Siska Lusia Putri, Yunike Saputri, Lisa Ermita, Febrizen Bufef

The Influence of Word of Mouth to Consumer’s Decision for Purchasing TOTO in CV. ABC

198

Naufal Firdan Alluthfi

114 123

Sri Langgeng Ratnasari, Gandhi Sutjahjo

Effect Of Work Experience, Training And Education Level To Educational Staff Performance.

204

Stefany Vennysha

The Effect Of Professionalism And Organizational Commitment To The Auditor’s Performance With Job Satisfaction As A Intervening Variable

220

Sulastri Asniati

The Influence Of Data Quality, Security Control Of Ais, Management Commitment To Quality Of Accounting Information With Quality Of Ais As Intervening Variable In Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Of West Sumatera

234

Ullya Vidriza, Nasri Bachtiar, Sofyardi

Analysis Of Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Infant Mortality Rate In Indonesia

244

Vita Fitria Sari, Fadhilah Sukma

A Comparative Study Of The Benefits Of Accrual Basis And The Cash Towards Accruals Basis In Local Government Internal Decision-Making

260

Wahyu Indah Mursalini Tafdil Husni, Masyhuri Hamidi, Endrizal Ridwan, Arfimasri

Analysis of Cash Conversion Cycle and Sales Growth to Liquidity

266

Yimmie Syavarde Heliyani

Analysis of Conducter Shareholding Conductor Behavior in Bukittinggi Traditional Markets

272

Yofina Mulyati

The Influence Of Halal Label and Brand Ambassador on Purchasing Decision Of Cosmetic Wardah in Padang City

283

Yola Malinda

Analysis of Land Conversion and Its Impact To Farmer’s Income Juridical Review of High Levels of Divorce at Solok City In 2016

292

Yulia Risa

302

Yulna Dewita Hia

Effect Of Product Differentiation,Service Differentiation and Personal Difference on Business Performance of Creative Industry Sub Industrial Sector Craft in Padang City

307

Zulkiflee Abd Rahim

The Colours Of Sports Organization Fringe Benefit In Malaysia

316

Annual Conference on Economics, Business, Accounting and Social Sciences (ACEBASS) 2017

Social Media Use by College Students Relationship to GPA Mellyna Eka Yan Fitri Dharma Andalas University, Indonesia [email protected] ABSTRACT Students and the internet cannot be separated as the result of technological advances in providing of information. Due to the use of the Internet created social media, which is functionally conditioned as a form of collaboration of its users. In the use of social media among students be adapted to their motivation. This has an impact on their education. This study aims to determine the student’s motivation by using social media sites. The population is students who use social media whose population is unlimited; the sample is taken with random sampling about 80 respondents. The results of using multivariate analysis of factor analysis, there are three factors of the student's motivation why they use social media. There are selfexpression, communication, social interact. The Multiple regressions linear analysis, indicate that only communication significant and positive influence GPA's score, beside self-expression, social interact, age and duration time use social media. Keywords: social media, social networking, GPA’s Score I. INTRODUCTION The rapid advancement of internet has a great impact on information and communication technology. The ease of getting internet make familiar for human life and this is one of the reasons for the growing of information and communication technology (ICT). Information and communication technology has been growing in various fields. This condition is also used by college students. The ease of accessing the internet and the ease of having a smartphone gives a chance for students to use it. This situation will certainly have a positive impact or a negative impact for them. The collaboration of Internet and ICT create the social media sites. The online world has changed dramatically, the invention of social media exchange ideas, feelings, personal information, picture and video. Social media sites provide young and old people to interact and communicate each other, including college students. According to Acheaw & Larson (2015), the use of social media sites had affected the academic work of students negatively. They visit social media sites and spend between thirty minutes to three hours every day. This situation will bring them to the prime bad effect of social media. They will be the addiction. They will be not able to control themselves use it. They will forget the time to do activities that should be done. In a classroom, the students will checking their smartphone and social media. That students will do multi-task between social media sites and study. This 114

Universitas Dharma Andalas October 13, 2017, Padang, Indonesia ISBN: 978-602-5539-03-9

Constantly checking social media update affect concentration on studies (Raut&Patil, 2016). And the next it will effect their academic performance. But, in other cases, social media improved students ability to absorb information and more knowledge (Raut&Patil, 2016). This situation had affected the academic work students positively. Back to the original purpose of using social media to seek information and communication, if student are able to use social media in the right time and the right place, then the negative impact will be avoided. Besides that, the students should now the kind of social media. They are wikis, blog, micro-blog, content, social networking sites, virtual game world and virtual social world. Many students said that the purpose of using social media by using social networking such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Twitter are they stay in touch with what friends are doing (55%) and stay up-to-date with news and current events (about 41%). (www.globalwebindex.net). Figure 1. Top 10 Social Networking Motivations

Sumber : www.globalwebindex.net

The figure 1 above shows that the reasons trend to social networking as a part of social media sites are such as friendship, entertaining and update their

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activity, to fill spare time, to share the opinion, etc. Almost all of user of social media do in their daily activity. A social networking site is an online platform that allows users to create a public profile and interact with other users on the website. It is a little bit different with social media is a catch all terms for a variety of internet applications that allow users to create content and interact with each other. The interaction can take many forms such as sharing links to interesting content, sharing photos, videos and posts and also commenting on its, etc. This is an interesting way to fill daily activity if students cannot control will be affect to academic performance negatively. Based on the above background, the purpose of this study is to determine student’s motivation on the use of the internet and its relationship to the students GPA score. The increasing use of the internet and having smartphone increase the social media usage by students. They use is to make connections with friends and their community. The social media is a way that helps them feel they belong to a community. This also happens between students and lecturer use it for discussion about materials. But, many students cannot control themselves and spending too much time on social media sites. Many students are addicted to use it. And the result will be affect on their academic performance. Many reasons why students are addicted spending much time on social media sites beside to make connections, they need to share their opinion, to get information, to update themselves, to connect with their friends and to get entertain by playing the online game, etc. This reinforces the background for this research determine what the student's motivation on the use of social media sites and its relationship to the student GPA score. 1. What are the student’s motivation by using social media sites? 2. Does the use of social media usage have impact on student academic performance? GPA’s Score GPA’s score means Grade Point Average. It is a system of judging a student’s performance. The scale of GPA’s score follows a 0 to 4.0. The students will earn a GPA’s score based on their grades from that semester. Usually, a lecturer gives the rule as long as study and should be done by students and a lecturer. The rules consist of attendance, test, homework and attitude as long as in study. Good GPA’s score if they have high grade for these rules. Social Media Social media is “a web-based service that allows individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system” (Nguyen, 2013). Social media can be accessed through computer and smartphone. The social media 116


allows users to participate in online exchanges, contribute user-created content or join online communities. The kinds of social media are wikis, blog, micro-blog, content, social network sites, virtual game world and virtual social world.” (Kaplan&Hainlen, 2010). As we face today, the students cannot be going without social media. They thought going without social media means going without friends and family. It becomes basic requirement that cannot be eliminated among them. When we were asking students about what is social media, they said it was Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc. As we know that Facebook, Twitter, Path, Instagram are kind of social network sites. It means that students didn't realize that playing games online, read blog, watching YouTube are activities using the social media sites. They didn’t know what social media is, indeed they didn’t know how to use social media in appropriate time and place. Social media is easy to access. So the students always run it in daily activity. One of the characteristic of social media users are the messages send to more than one person for example via SMS or the internet, free to deliver messages to other users, fast delivery of messages, the recipient of the message determines the time to interact or to reply it. How Social Media Affect The Students Activity Social media sites encourage students to engage with each other. They share and express their creativity, their opinion, their heart and their activity. The social media sites use creates a sense of interest on itself. Using social media affect the student's daily activity. The most important thing in a student's life are studying, learning good habits and gaining knowledge to become a person with moral character. Unfortunately, the social media react negative impact to students. Many users update their profile with immoral news. And not all students can filter it. Some students worried about their look, and they try to upload nicer picture. This shows that no self-confident and dangerous situation by using it. For some students, they are able to separate their time when they should study and when they have unappropriated time to engage with social media. Besides that, they are not only use it for chatting or online game, they can choose good moment and good purpose with good topics. Considering this situation, it is necessary to develop certain regulations over the use of such social media sites for college students. II. METHODS The survey was a quantitative approach to solve the study problem. The questionnaire is the main instrument for data collection. Population

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The targeted population of the study was college students who have GPA score. The sample was Indonesian students without seeing where they study and what their education level were. Sampling Non-probability Sampling with incidental sampling technique was adopted to distribute the questionnaire to the respondents. The questionnaire was spread by online and every college student who has GPA could be participant. About 80 respondents was collected and it was enough for this study. The student's education levels were diploma, bachelor degree and master degree. Data Collection Data were collected through the use of an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into two sections. The first section, information about profile of respondent and the second section, information on social media usage. Data Analysis Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was employed to determine, descriptive, and regression among others. III. RESULTS The analysis method by using factor analysis to identify factor using social media and the multiple regression analysis to examine the relationship of social media usage with GPA’s score. Table 1 : Demographic information No. Education Level Male Female 1 Diploma Bachelor Degree 5 2 Magister Degree 25 43 3 3 4 Grand Total

28

52

Grand Total 5 68 7 80

Results from Table 1, indicate that about 85% of respondent (68 respondents) were educations level of bachelor degree. In addition, 35% of the respondents were male and 65% respondents were female. This situation shows that female always do multitasking in their activity. They use social media while doing other activity. In this study, the result about the females spend their time about 3-6 hours every day. Rather than male they only spend their time abut 2-3 hours. This indicate that female needs friends to share opinion, to chat or do gossip.

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Table 2 Characteristic Respondent by Social Media Usage No. Social Media Frequency Percentage 1 Social Networking 32 40% 2 Content Microblog Blog 4 5% 3 Wikis 3 3,8% 4 Other 2 2,5% 5 21 26,3% 6 18 22,5%

Result from Table 2, indicate that about 40% students used social networking such as Facebook and Linkedin. In addition, this was the highest percentage in social media usage. Almost all students had Facebook account, because it was easy to use, easy to connect with friends, to get news and creative ideas, to relieve boredom, etc. Then, multivariate analysis of factor analysis use to identify motivation of students among social media usage. Table 3 KMO and Bartlett's Test Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. Bartlett's Test of

Approx. Chi-Square

Sphericity

,604 111,614

df

28

Sig.

,000

Result from Table 3, indicate that factor analysis is appropriate for this data. It is based on KMO value which falls into the range of being mediocre (0,5 < 0,604 < 0,7), Kaiser (1974). And Bartlett's Test show the significant level to reject null Hypothesis that there are some relationships between the original information (12 items of questionnaire). Table 4 Total Variance Explained Compo Initial Eigenvalues nent Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

2,594 1,233 1,076 ,910 ,793 ,573 ,500 ,321

% of Varian ce 32,430 15,414 13,447 11,381 9,917 7,157 6,246 4,007

Cumulative % 32,430 47,844 61,292 72,673 82,590 89,747 95,993 100,000

Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings Total

% of Cumulat Variance i ve %

2,594 32,430 1,233 15,414 1,076 13,447

Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.

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32,430 47,844 61,292

Rotation Sums of Squared Loadings Total 2,011 1,492 1,400

% of Cumulat Variance ive % 25,133 18,653 17,505

25,133 43,786 61,292


Result from Table 4, indicate that the number of factors that are retained prior to rotation on the social media usage among students. About 70,986% of the total variation of the extracted items be three factors that can explain the original information (12 items of questionnaire). The three factor analysis with varimax rotation, can be interpreted below: 1. Factor 1, self-expression a. Choose updates social media rather than reading news on the website b. Choose update the new status than learning c. Feeling comfortable when they express feelings and emotions in social media d. Social media is a place to complaints 2. Factor 2, communication a. The first is visiting social media when they open internet service b. It is easier to communicate on social networks than to communicate in the real world 3. Factor 3, social interaction a. Choose to be active in social media than real world b. Having many friends on social media than the real word After three factors of student’s motivation on social media usage are identified, the regression analysis result determine the influence of three factors, age of student and duration time of media social usage to GPA's college students. Table 5 Model Summary Mode l

R

R Square

1

Adjusted R Square ,093

Std. Error of the Estimate 1,34557

,151 ,388a a. Predictors: (Constant), DURATION, AGE, FAKTOR1, FAKTOR3, FAKTOR2

Result from table 5, indicate that about 15,1%, variation of self-expression, communication and social interaction, age of college student and duration time of media social usage can explain variation of GPA's college student and the rest can be explained by other variable. This shows that there are many variables influence GPA score that are not included in this study. Model

Sum of Squares

Table 6 ANOVAa df Mean Square

F

Sig.

Regression 23,791 54,758 2,628 ,030b 1 Residual 133,982 741,811 Total 157,774 79 a. Dependent Variable: GPA b. Predictors: (Constant), DURATION, AGE, FAKTOR1, FAKTOR3, FAKTOR2

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The result from table 6, indicate that simultaneously self-expression, communication and social interaction, age of college student and duration time of media social usage significant influence GPA’s score. Model

Table 7 Coefficients a Unstandardized Standardized Coefficients Coefficients B

Std. Error

(Constant) 3,826 Self-Expre ssion -,032 Communic ation 1 Social Interaction Age -,547 Duration

1,180 ,102

,202

,157

t

Sig.

3,242 -,318

,002 ,751

-3,178

,002

1,282

,204

1,173 ,453

,244 ,652

Beta

-,037 ,172 -,381

,150 ,039 ,013

,033 ,028

,128 ,052

a. Dependent Variable: GPA

The result from table 7, indicate that partially, only communication significant influence GPA's score. The higher communication happen while using social media, it will decrease GPA's score college student.

IV. CONCLUSION The result indicates that the using of social media influence GPA's score of college students. It should be positively significant if we expect social media is helpful for the student. The result found that three factors of the student’s motivation among social media us a ge : self-expression, c o mmunic a tio n, a nd s o c ia l inte r a c tio n. But, o nly communication significant and negative influence to GPA's score. It means doing many communicate will disturb their study. They will be spare time by using social media. They will leave their prime activity to study. Then, they will be addicted with social media. Self-expression also a negative influence to GPA's score although it is not significant. It means the samples are not enough to give information. Students like sharing, especially female often express themselves, emotions and feelings. They need friends to relieve it. They will feel comfortable and forget the time if they meet online friends. So, they will be addicted and forgotten their time to study.

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For social interaction is a positive and not significant influence to GPA's score. The high social interaction of students will increase of GPA's score. While using social media, most students meet their friend and sometime they discussed the study. What material is, what the time schedule of study is, sharing opinion, etc. So, they get more information about studying at campus or home. And they will understand what they should do on study. Age is positive and not significant influence to GPA's score. The older student’s use social media have higher GPA's score than younger. This show that mindset of older students are good to study. They realize that study is more important than having fun. They understand about their condition and their family condition. And they control themselves to social media usage. Duration time of using social media is positive and not significant to GPA's score. The long duration time use social media without leave study will increase GPA's score. This should be supported by students and lecturer to use social media for searching materials, discussed the study and update good news and good information. From this result of this study, the conclusion, the campus should make regulation for the student about how to use social media in appropriate time and appropriate place. Involve their family to remind them how to use social media. Paying attention to their academic progress and ask them to discuss face-to-face not only online discussion. Ask them to find the book for reference in the library, so they will not depend on social media. If social media cannot be avoided, give them busy time to search materials and learning online and virtual class will get used to them how to use social media in a positive way. All this will help us reduce addicted of social media usage among student and increase their GPA'score. REFERENCES Cotten, S., & Junco, R. (2012). No A 4 U: The relationship between multitasking and academic performance. Computers & Education, 59(2), 505-514 Kaplan, Andreas M & Michael Haenlein. (2010). Users of the World, Unite! The Challenges and Opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53, hlm 59-68 Nguyen, B.N “The Effects of Social Media on College Students” YouTube. 22 April, 2013. Web. 01 November, 2013 Raut & Patil. 2016. Use of Social Media in Education : Positive and Negative Impact on the Students. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication. Vol 4. ISSN : 2321-8169. Hal 281-285. The Effects of Social Media on College Students. 2013. Journal of University of Hawai’i at Hilo, HOHONU 2014 Vol 12. www.iCrossing.com/ebooks, What is Social Media?, V 1.4

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