Flintency of cropa/cropping systems grown an Arnok during the main naon at om of 1977-75 at et oa MA ... Congress (Sarl Schence.. 16 Feb 1982, New Delhi, ...
AgrocIimnti~~spects in Planning for Improved Productivity of Alfisols M.V.K.
Siv8kumar1,
Piara
Singha.
and J.H.
Williams'
Clop 11rIds on A I j i ~ o brhr most ahundanr 30th In rhr Irmr rrrtdrroprrr how rrmamrdlo- and unsroblr dur lo o k r r m r wrarhrr a n d r o t l rrlorrdc onrrronnts U 0th ~ u t r o b k r x o m p l r r j r o m/ d , a and Wrsr A/rzra uarror#omtn rhr omounr anddrrrnburron of mr+llsr v t l l a r trr Inrmrrr> v r r J r j i r r b r d Homrvrr rropplonntnt on A l f i r o l ~ ~ h o u~l d~ A c ~ occounr nto ,he length o j r h r 8 r o ~ ,ng prrtod ,nvoltmn8 on onrsrmen, o f r a ~ ~ f a l l 77rr ~ rolrofxorl o n ronrrromtr rvrhar drprh r o ~ l ~ w r r r r r o r a g r ~ ~pnrnrlrr,:rdzltrrhut~on p~r~r~ ondro~lmotrrurr rrlrorr rharorrrnrrrrr zn mahtm# varrr o w r l a h k for mop pro- ,h on AIfisnlr " 0 3 tllurrroted A, rotidrpfhr helo* 30 crm m 41lisolr rhr rrrhorgr anddrplrr,on n f r o ~Ml orrr o r r v r r r d o n on onnu01 bars * hcrros m rhr upper JO r m rhr prorrrr occurred rrprorrdl, * 8th a prrtodw,,, drrrrmlnrd b , rhr deprh amount o n d j r r q u n r ~o/ro#nfall In rhe upprr 30 r m ~ u lI lo v r r ~-1rh drrrrosing c a p ~ l l a rpotcnt,ol ~ (here a larte decrca~c,n the %ore, conrcnr ~ h t l {n f the lowrr l o y r r rh,s d r c r ~ N~O St c o ~ t d e r o b / bie,s 77rc e f l t ojshorl ~~ term Inrrarmrona/ droughrs on crop mo#rrurr sforus r a s s h o r n t o df/cr d r p m d t n t on ,o,/drprh Thr rtmrng ond lnrrnrtry o/worrr srrrn ir an tmporronr /omor tn orrrrlrn8 the crop re8ponrr to d r o q h r on A l f l ~ o l r Srudrrr conducted ar ICRISA T C m r t r ~ h o r r dthat crop uarer-wr tflcuncy on AIfiolr rouldbr tmprovrdrhrough appropnarr moM8rmrnr pracrtrrr mrludtn8 rhr ~ r l r c r # o o/,urrablr n genor,prz crops and nopplnp syrrrms
introduction Alfisolr are the thud mort tmporlant roll order ~nthe world covrnnp 13 1% of thc world a r m (Bunngh 19€2) C o m p m d vlth Vcrurols (whtch have been the major focus ofnttcnt8on at I C R l S A T s Farmant Svrtcms Rcuarch Proarsm) 4lfisolr cover a much larger a m of potcntully arable and grazeable land Therc sollr m r c mort abundant In the u m ~ - . n d tropm (SAT) (Kampen and Burford 1980) Due to abcrnnt w t h c r and sotl-rclaad conr t n r n u to prodwtlom. crop yvldr on Alfisob have rcnusned low and unrublc Experlmcnul ewdcncc from re-rch however shows that the= rolls arc u p b l c of p r o d u m p more food w t h appropriate
sod and water-mnnagemcnt systems Stnce ruueuful crop productton depends heavlly onenvtronmcnu l facton the comblned mNlucncc of clrnute and rorl on plant growth must be cons~drredbefore land u u Is planned In order to u k c advanugc of the advances mndc In rclcna and technology. Kanwar (1982) a d b w t c d that toll scrcnttsu should work wtlh agrocltnulalogtscs to predoct more accunrcly the Intencuons b e t w e n the m t h r r . Ihe soil, and the plant About 62% of the AMsolr ~nthe SATarc t a r l e d tn West A f n u and l n d u The a ; r o c I l ~ t l c aspccls that need l a b e cons~derrdIn plannlng for lrnproved prcdwt8vlty of Alfirols are nlluanted In t h ~ p r pr. w ~ t hmv#ublc examples from I n d u a n d West Afnca
lMO mm
R~infsll R.infall
.-I
In the Alfisol
8-
ra
Of castcrn Madhfl
p n d e s h r n d -!em OnTo proode l d e r n p t l o n of the nlnf.U C b m a e r IstICs, WT hsW c h o x n 24 n a t i o n s In 5 dtffcrenl
amounu
Albola-
from
vanes from Mahalapye.
45%* w'h
has
Ihc YrG'l varlatlOn ninfall
Ihc 10*rsl
"
,
1701
191
IJ74
>clbman
572
24
976
116
~0
Sakm
T.Me
,.WI
Runtall zone (rnrn 8 ')
IOM
rm-
daUwa
lndu Ntsr Indm Mall Malt Mrh India
-4 ~ndm
MJI
indu Burkma F-0 lndu Scnepl NIF Mdl MdaW lndn Indl.
Mall Burktna FW Mdl lRdU
l3M I4 41 , I3 48 II G3 I4 2s 15 07 I4 31 14 29 14 20 17 27 14 26 I5 Y) 13 06 12 58 14 07 l l 59 13 35 13 57 W 55 I l 39 l l 2) ID M 12 38 22 14
8oug0'Jnl
Ekv*llon (rn)
77 37 05 I5 76 58 01 28 10 34 09 I 1 7s SO
I6 24
78 28 I I 26
78 04 01 rn 77 35 16 28 03 30 08 02 33 48 ?E 07 78 10 07 30 03 11 m 02 01 39
Gaow bTUko
klpur
2648
lrnurn
n l n f d l ( % I nnnfall
Mtn'mum rainfall (mm)
4s
B.ngaloR Founduucnc
t b
Max
4%
P
652 751 775 784 721 630 7
20 28 27 27 22 27 20
831 835 836 811
IR 26 17 24
883 955 1090 1259 1022 I337
26 2s
24 12 29 9
20
Ill
Tablr 3 1-
W2 2 1220
424
luw
5 457 161 ZWI ~sa
1282
586
1411
1136 1065
5lR 9 925
Slalron MatuIap~~
1)lcnu Cudd.~h
17
572
31 37 25 65 26 U
I8 21
612
9
773 7~ 721 610 704
!?
'55
752 7M
451
65.
352
874
1260 1443 14%
198 41 1
1062 1032 962
Madural s.km
I309 2359 1297 2175
W
&J 1919 355 1461
c . ~ ~
942 714
24
&
Ranb*lort Foundl.upnr Gavr Lolnl.n, ~~l~~~~~
!I08 1226
440
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