The new generation of the biological- engineering

0 downloads 0 Views 2MB Size Report
Apr 30, 2018 - Franczak, P. Malara, M. Szindler, L. Kroll, The new generation of the biological-engineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds, Archives of Materials ...... Eagle's Medium DMEM without phenol red and one part of ..... [85] F. Witte, H. Ulrich, C. Palm, E. Willbold, biodegradable.
Volume 91

International Scientific Journal

Issue 2

published monthly by the

June 2018

World Academy of Materials

Pages 56-85

and Manufacturing Engineering

The new generation of the biologicalengineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds L.A. Dobrzański a,*, A.D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz a,b, Z.P. Czuba c, L.B. Dobrzański a, A. Achtelik-Franczak a, P. Malara a, M. Szindler d, L. Kroll e a

Medical and Dental Engineering Centre for Research, Design and Production ASKLEPIOS Ltd, Science Centre, ul. Królowej Bony 13 D, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland b The University of Zielona Gora, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Machine Design and Machinery Operations, ul. Prof. Szafrana 4, 65-246 Zielona Góra, Poland c Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland d Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18 A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland e University of Technology, Mechanical Engineering Faculty, Chair of Lightweight Structures and Plastics Processing, Reichenhainer Straße 31/33, D-09126 Chemnitz, Germany * Corresponding e-mail address: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The publication aims to find the relationship between the proliferation of surface layers of living cells and the deposition of thin atomic layers deposition ALD coatings on the pores internal surfaces of porous skeletons of medical and dental implant-scaffolds manufactured with the selective laser deposition SLS additive technology using titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy. Design/methodology/approach: The extensive review of the literature presents the state-of-the-art in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. General ageing of societies, increasing the incidence of oncological diseases and some transport and sports accidents, and also the spread of tooth decay and tooth cavities in many regions of the world has taken place nowadays. Those reasons involve resection of many tissues and organs and the need to replace cavities, among others bones and teeth through implantation, more and more often hybridized with tissue engineering methods. Findings: The results of investigations of the structure and properties of skeleton microporous materials produced from titanium and Ti6Al4V alloy powders by the method of selective laser sintering have been presented. Particularly valuable are the original and previously unpublished results of structural research using high-resolution transmission electron microscope HRTEM. Particular attention has been paid to the issues of surface engineering, in particular, the application of flat TiO2 and Al2O3 coatings applied inside micropores using the atomic layers deposition ALD method and hydroxyapatite applied the dip-coating sol-gel method, including advanced HRTEM research. The most important part of the work concerns the research of nesting and proliferation of live cells of osteoblasts the hFOB 1.19 (Human ATCC - CRL - 11372) culture line on the surface of micropores with surfaces covered with the mentioned layers.

56

RESEARCH PAPER

© Copyright by International OCSCO World Press. All rights reserved. 2018

The new generation of the biological-engineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds

Research limitations/implications: The investigations reported in the paper fully  confirmed the idea of the hybrid technology of producing microporous implants and .H\ZRUGV5HJHQHUDWLYHPHGLFLQH7LVVXHHQJLQHHULQJ0DWHULDOVHQJLQHHULQJ6XUIDFHHQJLQHHULQJ%LRORJLFDOHQJLQHHULQJ implant-scaffolds to achieve original Authors’ biological-engineering materials. The surface PDWHULDO,PSODQWVFDIIROG6HOHFWLYHODVHUVLQWHULQJ7LWDQLXPDOOR\V$WRPLFOD\HUGHSRVLWLRQ)ODWOD\HUVRIOLYLQJFHOOV engineering issues, including both flat-layered nonorganic coatings and interactions of those  coverings with flat layers of living cells, play a crucial role.  Originality/value: Materials commonly used in implantology and the most commonly  used materials processing technologies in those applications have been described. Against  that background, the original Authors' concept of implant-scaffolds and the application of  microporous skeleton materials for this purpose have been presented.  Keywords: Regenerative medicine, Tissue engineering, Materials engineering, Surface engineering, Biological-engineering material, Implant-scaffold, Selective laser sintering,  Titanium alloys, Atomic layer deposition, Flat layers of living cells  Reference to this paper should be given in the following way:   L.A. Dobrzański, A.D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, Z.P. Czuba, L.B. Dobrzański, A. AchtelikFranczak, P. Malara, M. Szindler, L. Kroll, The new generation of the biological-engineering  materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds, Archives of Materials  Science and Engineering 91/2 (2018) 56-85.   

BIOMEDICAL AND DENTAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING



1. Introduction ,QWURGXFWLRQ 

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

Volume 91



Issue 2 June 2018

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

57

L.A. Dobrzański, A.D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, Z.P. Czuba, L.B. Dobrzański, A. Achtelik-Franczak, P. Malara, M. Szindler, L. Kroll

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

 

2. State-of-the-art and the research 6WDWHRIWKHDUWDQGWKHUHVHDUFKDLPRI aim of the paper WKHSDSHU 

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



58

RESEARCH PAPER

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

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

The new generation of the biological-engineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds

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

DQG VWUHQJWK RI VFDIIROGV >@ +LJKHU SRURVLW\ FDQ IDFLOLWDWH WKRVH SURFHVVHV DQG DOORZ ERQH JURZWK >@ DOWKRXJK WKHUH LV VWLOO PXFK FRQWURYHUV\ RQ WKH VXEMHFW >@ 3RUHVVL]HV RI DUWLILFLDOO\ FUHDWHG VFDIIROGV VKRXOG EHVPDOOEHFDXVHWKH\SURYLGHPRUHVSDFHIRUWKHJURZWK RIERQHWLVVXHFHOOV>@EXWQRWVRVPDOOWKDWWKHSRUHVZLOO FORVH >@ +RZHYHU WKH\ VKRXOG EH ODUJH HQRXJK WR SUHYHQW EORRG FORWV >@ DOORZ IRU WKH PLJUDWLRQ RI FHOOV DQG SURYLGH FRQGLWLRQV IRU ILOOLQJ WKH SRUHV E\ WKH UHFRQVWUXFWHG FHOOV JXDUDQWHHLQJ QHRYDVFXODULVDWLRQ >@ 7KH RSWLPDO SRUH VL]H IRU JURZLQJ ERQH FHOOV LV HVWLPDWHG WR EH  ȝP >@ DOWKRXJK LQ WKH FDVH RI SRUHV ZLWK VL]HV RI  ȝP ERQH FHOO LQJURZWK LV KLJKHU >@ 5HSURGXFWLRQ RI ERQH SURSHUWLHV E\ SRURXV PHWDOV UHTXLUHV WKH GLJLWDO GHVLJQ RI WKHLU FHOOV VWUXFWXUH DQG PDQXIDFWXULQJ XVLQJ DGYDQFHG WHFKQRORJLHV >@ 7KH FRQVLGHUDWLRQV GHVFULEHG LQ WKH SDSHU UHODWH WR QHZ LPSODQWDEOH GHYLFHV FDOOHG LPSODQWVFDIIROGV )LJ   2QH RI WKH HVVHQWLDO SDUWV DUH VFDIIROGV DQG WKH RWKHU LQVHSDUDEO\ FRQQHFWHG DUH VROLG FRUHV DQG ERWK RI WKRVH DVSHFWVDUHHVVHQWLDOIRUWKHVXFFHVVRIWKHFRQFHSW

  )LJ6FKHPHRIFRPSRVLWHELRORJLFDOHQJLQHHULQJPDWHULDOVD RUWKRSDHGLFLPSODQWVFDIIROGVE GHQWDOLPSODQWVFDIIROG F WKHVWUXFWXUHRIVROLGSRURXVPDWHULDOVG WKHFRQFHSWRIPXOWLOD\HUHQJLQHHULQJDQGELRORJLFDOFRDWLQJVLQVLGHWKHSRUHV

Volume 91



Issue 2 June 2018

59

L.A. Dobrzański, A.D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, Z.P. Czuba, L.B. Dobrzański, A. Achtelik-Franczak, P. Malara, M. Szindler, L. Kroll

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



60

RESEARCH PAPER

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

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

The new generation of the biological-engineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds

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

Volume 91



Issue 2 June 2018

XVHGWRFRQWUROWKHVKDSHDQGVL]HRIPROHFXOHV 7KHVROJHO FRDWLQJ SURFHVV LV D PXOWLVWHS SURFHVV FRQVLVWLQJ RI K\GURO\VLV RI WKH SUHFXUVRU REWDLQLQJ D VRO  JHODWLRQ FRQGHQVDWLRQ  GU\LQJ DQG GHQVLILFDWLRQ 7KH VROV DUH FROORLGDO V\VWHPV ZLWK D OLTXLG GLVSHUVLQJ SKDVH DQG VROLG FROORLGDO SDUWLFOHV VL]H  ȝ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

61

L.A. Dobrzański, A.D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, Z.P. Czuba, L.B. Dobrzański, A. Achtelik-Franczak, P. Malara, M. Szindler, L. Kroll

7KH SUHVHQWHG ELRORJLFDOHQJLQHHULQJ PDWHULDOV GHVLJQHG PDQXIDFWXUHG DQG H[SORUHG LQ WKH SDSHU DUH LQQRYDWLYHDQGDYDQWJDUGHDQGWKHH[LVWLQJVWDWHRIWKHDUW LQ WKLV ILHOG LV QHJOLJLEOH $ UHYLHZ RI WKH JOREDO DQG GRPHVWLF UHIHUHQFHV DQG WKH SUHOLPLQDU\ OLPLWHG RZQ LQYHVWLJDWLRQV¶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

3.  Production 3URGXFWLRQtechnology, WHFKQRORJ\structure VWUXFWXUH DQG and properties of porous skeletons SURSHUWLHV RI SRURXV VNHOHWRQV DV PHWDOOLF as metallic substrates VXEVWUDWHV 

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





)LJ  6FKHPH RI VHOHFWLYH ODVHU VLQWHULQJ WHFKQRORJ\ SURFHVV



62

RESEARCH PAPER

 )LJ+H[DJRQDOFURVVXQLWFHOO



 8QLW FHOOV DUH PXOWLSOLFDWH IRU REWDLQLQJ PLFURSRURXV VNHOHWRQV ZLWK V\PPHWULFDO VSDWLDO QHWZRUN EXLOW RI QRGHV DQGLQGLYLGXDOQHWZRUNILEUHVFRQQHFWLQJLQGLYLGXDOVNHOHWRQ QRGHV $V D UHVXOW RI PXOWLSOLFDWLRQ DQG VHOHFWLRQ RI DSSURSULDWHYDOXHVFKDUDFWHULVLQJWKHVSDWLDOQHWZRUNVXFKDV KHLJKWGHSWKDQGZLGWKLWLVSRVVLEOHWRGHILQHWKHVWUXFWXUH RI PLFURSRURXV VNHOHWRQV ZLWK WKH GHVLUHG SRUH VL]H IRU H[DPSOHLQWKHUDQJHRIȝ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

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

The new generation of the biological-engineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds

  )LJ  ,PDJH RI WKH VWUXFWXUH RI FRPSXWHU PRGHOV VKRZLQJ WKH DUUDQJHPHQW RI XQLW FHOOV LQ WKH VSDFH RI WKH FRRUGLQDWH V\VWHPD XQLWFHOOVDUUDQJHGDWDQDQJOHRIƒUHODWLYHWRWKHFRRUGLQDWHV\VWHPE XQLWFHOOVDUUDQJHGDWDQDQJOHRIƒZLWK UHVSHFWWRWKHD[LV[RIWKHFRRUGLQDWHV\VWHPF XQLWFHOOVDUUDQJHGDWƒWRWKH\D[LVRIWKHFRRUGLQDWHV\VWHPG XQLWFHOOV DWDQDQJOHRIƒWRWKH[D[LVDQGƒWRWKH\D[LVRIWKHFRRUGLQDWHV\VWHPH XQLWFHOOVDWDQDQJOHRIƒWRWKH\D[LV DQGƒWRWKH[D[LVRIWKHFRRUGLQDWHV\VWHP  7DEOH 0DVVFRQFHQWUDWLRQRIFKHPLFDOHOHPHQWVLQSRZGHUVVXEMHFWHGWRH[SHULPHQWV 0DVVFRQFHQWUDWLRQRIHOHPHQWV 3RZGHU DOORWKHUV $O 9 & )H 2 1 + DQ\RWKHU 7L WRJHWKHU 7L ± ±        UHVW 7L$O9        ” ” 

  )LJ0LFURVFRSLFLPDJHVRISRZGHUVXVHGIRUH[SHULPHQWVRID 7LE 7L$O9DOOR\ 6(0   )RUWKHSURGXFWLRQRISRURXVPLFURVNHOHWRQVXVLQJWKH WLWDQLXP EXW DOVR RI WKH 7L$O9 DOOR\ SURGXFHG E\ 6/6 PHWKRG WKH 5(1,6+$: $0  V\VWHP LQWHJUDWHG VHOHFWLYH ODVHU VLQWHULQJ DUH PDWHULDOV SURGXFHG XVLQJ ZLWK WKH $XWR)$% FRPSXWHU VRIWZDUH KDV EHHQ XVHG 7KH GLIIHUHQWODVHUSRZHU: WHFKQRORJLFDO GHYLFH XVHV D ILEUH @ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL 6WDWH RI NQRZOHGJH RQ PDWHULDOV XVHG LQ LPSODQWRORJ\ DQG UHJHQHUDWLYH PHGLFLQH LQ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] (GV  0HWDOOLFPLFURSRURXVDQGVROLGPDWHULDOVIRUPHGLFDODQG GHQWDO DSSOLFDWLRQV 2SHQ $FFHVV /LEUDU\ 9,,      LQ3ROLVK  >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL ,QWURGXFWRU\ &KDSWHU 0XOWL$VSHFW %LEOLRJUDSKLF $QDO\VLV RI WKH 6\QHUJ\ RI 7HFKQLFDO %LRORJLFDO DQG 0HGLFDO 6FLHQFHV &RQFHUQLQJ 0DWHULDOV DQG 7HFKQRORJLHV 8VHG IRU 0HGLFDO DQG 'HQWDO ,PSODQWDEOH 'HYLFHV GRLRUJLQWHFKRSHQ LQ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL (G  %LRPDWHULDOV LQ 5HJHQHUDWLYH 0HGLFLQH ,Q7HFK 5LMHND   GRL   >@ $$ 0XHOOHU % 6DOGDPL 6 6WELQJHU & :DOWHU 8 )OFNLJHU $ 0HUOR . 6FKZHQ]HU=LPPHUHU +) =HLOKRIHU 6 =LPPHUHU 2UDO EDFWHULDO FXOWXUHV LQ QRQWUDXPDWLFEUDLQDEVFHVVHVUHVXOWVRIDILUVWOLQHVWXG\ 2UDO 6XUJHU\ 2UDO 0HGLFLQH 2UDO 3DWKRORJ\ 2UDO

77

L.A. Dobrzański, A.D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, Z.P. Czuba, L.B. Dobrzański, A. Achtelik-Franczak, P. Malara, M. Szindler, L. Kroll

5DGLRORJ\ DQG (QGRGRQWRORJ\     GRLMWULSOHR >@ 1-/y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ĔVNL 7KH FRQFHSW RI ELRORJLFDOO\ DFWLYH PLFURSRURXV HQJLQHHULQJ PDWHULDOV DQG FRPSRVLWH ELRORJLFDOHQJLQHHULQJ PDWHULDOV IRU UHJHQHUDWLYH PHGLFLQH DQG GHQWLVWU\ $UFKLYHV RI 0DWHULDOV 6FLHQFH DQG (QJLQHHULQJ     GRL   >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL 2YHUYLHZ DQG JHQHUDO LGHDV RI WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI FRQVWUXFWLRQV PDWHULDOV WHFKQRORJLHV DQG FOLQLFDO DSSOLFDWLRQV RI VFDIIROGV HQJLQHHULQJ IRU UHJHQHUDWLYH PHGLFLQH $UFKLYHV RI 0DWHULDOV 6FLHQFH DQG(QJLQHHULQJ   >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $SSOLFDWLRQV RI QHZO\ GHYHORSHG QDQRVWUXFWXUDO DQG PLFURSRURXV PDWHULDOV LQ ELRPHGLFDO WLVVXHDQGPHFKDQLFDOHQJLQHHULQJ$UFKLYHVRI0DWHULDOV 6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ   >@ $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] /$ 'REU]DĔVNL 0 6]LQGOHU /% 'REU]DĔVNL $ $FKWHOLN)UDQF]DN ( +DMGXF]HN 0LFURSRURXV 7LWDQLXP%DVHG 0DWHULDOV &RDWHG E\ %LRFRPSDWLEOH 7KLQ )LOPV GRL  LQWHFKRSHQ LQ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL (G  %LRPD WHULDOV LQ 5HJHQHUDWLYH 0HGLFLQH ,Q7HFK 5LMHND  GRL,6%1 >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] $ $FKWHOLN)UDQF]DN06]LQGOHU6WUXFWXUHDQGSURSHUWLHV RI WKH VNHOHWRQ PLFURSRURXV PDWHULDOV ZLWK FRDWLQJV LQVLGH WKH SRUHV IRU PHGLFDO DQG GHQWDO DSSOLFDWLRQV LQ 0 0XUXJDQDQW HW DO (GV  )URQWLHUV LQ 0DWHULDOV



78

RESEARCH PAPER

3URFHVVLQJ $SSOLFDWLRQV 5HVHDUFK DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ 6SULQJHU 1DWXUH 6LQJDSRUH 3WH /WG   GRL B >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] (GV  0HWDOOLFPLFURSRURXVDQGVROLGPDWHULDOVIRUPHGLFDODQG GHQWDO DSSOLFDWLRQV 2SHQ $FFHVV /LEUDU\ 9,,      LQ3ROLVK  >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL (G  3RZGHU 0HWDOOXUJ\ ± )XQGD PHQWDOVDQG&DVH6WXGLHV5LMHND,Q7HFK >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL (G  3RO\PHU QDQRILEHUV SURGXFHG E\ HOHFWURVSLQQLQJ DSSOLHG LQ UHJHQHUDWLYH PHGLFLQH 2SHQ $FFHVV/LEUDU\9     >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] $ $FKWHOLN)UDQF]DN /% 'REU]DĔVNL 0 6]LQGOHU 7* *DZHá 3RURXV 6HOHFWLYH /DVHU 0HOWHG 7L DQG 7L$O9 0DWHULDOVIRU0HGLFDO$SSOLFDWLRQVLQ/$'REU]DĔVNL (G  3RZGHU 0HWDOOXUJ\ ± )XQGDPHQWDOV DQG &DVH 6WXGLHV 5LMHND ,Q7HFK   GRL GRLRUJ >@ -1RZDFNL/$'REU]DĔVNL)*XVWDYR,QWUDPHGXOODU\ LPSODQWV IRU RVWHRV\QWKHVLV RI ORQJ ERQHV 2SHQ $FFHVV /LEUDU\     LQ3ROLVK  >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] 3 0DODUD $ $FKWHOLN)UDQF]DN /% 'REU]DĔVNL 0 .UHP]HU 7KH PHWKRG RI SURGXFLQJ FRPSRVLWH PDWHULDOV ZLWK D PLFURSRURXV VNHOHWRQ UHLQIRUFHPHQW VWUXFWXUH 3DWHQW$SSOLFDWLRQ3IURP LQ3ROLVK  >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] 3 0DODUD 7* *DZHá /% 'REU]DĔVNL $ $FKWHOLN &RPSRVLWH PDGH XVLQJ FRPSXWHUDVVLVWHG ODVHU PHWKRGV IRU FUDQLRIDFLDO LPSODQWV DQG WKH PHWKRG RI LWV SURGXFWLRQ 3DWHQW $SSOLFDWLRQ 3  IURP %XOOHWLQRIWKH3DWHQW2IILFH   LQ3ROLVK  >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] 3 0DODUD/%'REU]DĔVNL$$FKWHOLN)UDQF]DN%LRORJLFDO DQG HQJLQHHULQJ FRPSRVLWHV IRU UHJHQHUDWLYH PHGLFLQH 3DWHQW$SSOLFDWLRQ3IURP LQ3ROLVK  >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] 3 0DODUD 7* *DZHá /% 'REU]DĔVNL $ $FKWHOLN )UDQF]DN %RQH LPSODQWVFDIIROG 3DWHQW 3  IURP  LQ3ROLVK  >@ /$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] 3 0DODUD 7* *DZHá /% 'REU]DĔVNL $ $FKWHOLN )UDQF]DN,PSODQWVFDIIROGRUDSURVWKHVLVRIDQDWRPLFDO HOHPHQWVRIWKHVWRPDWRJQDWKLFDQGIDFLDOV\VWHP3DWHQW 3IURP LQ3ROLVK  >@ /5.DLVHU7KHIXWXUHRIPXOWLKRVSLWDOV\VWHPV7RSLFV LQ+HDOWK&DUH)LQDQFLQJ   >@ $ $WDOD 5 /DQ]D -$ 7KRPVRQ 5 1HUHP (GV  3ULQFLSOHV RI UHJHQHUDWLYH PHGLFLQH 6HFRQG (GLWLRQ $FDGHPLF3UHVV6DQ'LHJR >@ 5HJHQHUDWLYH 0HGLFLQH  5HSRUW 86 1DWLRQDO ,QVWLWXWHV RI +HDOWK  KWWSVWHPFHOOVQLKJRY

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

The new generation of the biological-engineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds

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

Volume 91



Issue 2 June 2018

>@ -$ +XEEHOO %LRPDWHULDOV LQ WLVVXH HQJLQHHULQJ %LRWHFKQRORJ\ 1<    >@ -$+XEEHOO%LRDFWLYHELRPDWHULDOV&XUUHQW2SLQLRQLQ %LRWHFKQRORJ\   >@ .( +HDO\ $ 5H]DQLD 5$ 6WLOH 'HVLJQLQJ ELRPD WHULDOVWRGLUHFWELRORJLFDOUHVSRQVHV$QQDOVRIWKH1HZ @ 5/DQJHU'$7LUUHOO'HVLJQLQJPDWHULDOVIRUELRORJ\ DQGPHGLFLQH1DWXUH   >@ 03 /WROI -$ +XEEHOO 6\QWKHWLF ELRPDWHULDOV DV LQVWUXFWLYH H[WUDFHOOXODU PLFUR¤HQYLURQ¤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

79

L.A. Dobrzański, A.D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, Z.P. Czuba, L.B. Dobrzański, A. Achtelik-Franczak, P. Malara, M. Szindler, L. Kroll

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¿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áDV]F]\N 7LWDQLXP DQG LWV DOOR\V VSHFLHV SURSHUWLHV DSSOLFDWLRQ WUHDWPHQW WHFKQRORJ\ GHJUDGDWLRQ &]HVWRFKRZD 8QLYHUVLW\ RI 7HFKQRORJ\ 3XEOLVKLQJ +RXVH &]HVWRFKRZD  LQ 3ROLVK  >@ 90 .HYRUNLMDQ 7KH UHDFWLYH LQILOWUDWLRQ RI SRURXV FHUDPLFPHGLDE\DPROWHQDOXPLQXPDOOR\&RPSRVLWHV 6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\   >@ 9. %DOOD 6 %RGKDN 6 %RVH $ %DQG\RSDGK\D\ 3RURXV WDQWDOXP VWUXFWXUHV IRU ERQH LPSODQWV )DEULFDWLRQ PHFKDQLFDO DQG LQ YLWUR ELRORJLFDO SURSHUWLHV$FWD%LRPDWHULDOLD   >@ .'DV9.%DOOD$%DQG\RSDGK\D\6%RVH6XUIDFH PRGLILFDWLRQRIODVHUSURFHVVHGSRURXVWLWDQLXPIRUORDG EHDULQJLPSODQWV6FULSWD0DWHULDOLD   >@ ):LWWH+8OULFK&3DOP(:LOOEROG%LRGHJUDGDEOH PDJQHVLXP VFDIIROGV 3DUW ,, 3HULLPSODQW ERQH UHPRGHOOLQJ -RXUQDO RI %LRPHGLFDO 0DWHULDOV 5HVHDUFK 3DUW$   >@ $ %DQG\RSDGK\D\ ) (VSDQD 9. %DOOD 6 %RVH @ + .DVXWR 1 'URUL&DUPL % =RKDU 0HWKRGV DQG V\VWHPV IRU KDUYHVWLQJ FHOOV 86 3DWHQW  $ >@ * =HLNXV 3QHXPDWLF ELRUHDFWRU 86 3DWHQW  % >@ & 6LHEOLVW 2 +lJHKRO] 0 $HKOH 0 -HQ]VFK 0 3RKOVFKHLGW $ /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~QLRU )3 GD 6LOYD &$ .RSS 0HGLFDO GHVLJQ 'LUHFW PHWDO ODVHU VLQWHULQJ RI 7L$O 90DWHULDOVDQG'HVLJQ   >@'. 3DWWDQD\DN $ )XNXGD 7 0DWVXVKLWD 0 7DNHPRWR 6 )XMLED\DVKL . 6DVDNL 1 1LVKLGD 7 1DNDPXUD7.RNXER%LRDFWLYH7LPHWDODQDORJRXVWR KXPDQ FDQFHOORXV ERQH )DEULFDWLRQ E\ VHOHFWLYH ODVHU PHOWLQJ DQG FKHPLFDO WUHDWPHQWV $FWD %LRPDWHULDOLD    >@) $EH . 2VDNDGD 0 6KLRPL . 8HPDWVX 0 0DWVXPRWR 7KH PDQXIDFWXULQJ RI KDUG WRROV IURP PHWDOOLF SRZGHUV E\ VHOHFWLYH ODVHU PHOWLQJ -RXUQDO RI

Volume 91



Issue 2 June 2018

0DWHULDOV 3URFHVVLQJ 7HFKQRORJ\     GRL6   >@3'DUáDN3'XGHN+LJKSRURXVPDWHULDOVSURGXFWLRQ PHWKRGV DQG DSSOLFDWLRQ )RXQGLQJ 6FLHQFH DQG SUDFWLFH   LQ3ROLVK  >@-3.UXWK/)UR\HQ-9DQ9DHUHQEHUJK30HUFHOLV 0 5RPERXWV % /DXZHUV 6HOHFWLYH ODVHU PHOWLQJ RI LURQEDVHG SRZGHU MHW -RXUQDO RI 0DWHULDOV 3URFHVVLQJ 7HFKQRORJ\     GRL  MMPDWSURWHF >@%/HWKDXV/3RRUW5%|FNPDQQ56PHHWV57ROED 3 .HVVOHU $GGLWLYH PDQXIDFWXULQJ IRU PLFURYDVFXODU UHFRQVWUXFWLRQ RIWKHPDQGLEOHLQSDWLHQWV-RXUQDORI &UDQLR0D[LOOR)DFLDO 6XUJHU\     GRL MMFPV >@@5 ĝSLHZDN - 3LĊWRZVND 1LFNHO  DQ H[FHSWLRQDO DOOHUJHQ )URP WKH VWUXFWXUH RI WKH DWRP WR OHJDO UHJXODWLRQV $OOHUJRORJ\ DQG ,PPXQRORJ\     LQ3ROLVK 

81

L.A. Dobrzański, A.D. Dobrzańska-Danikiewicz, Z.P. Czuba, L.B. Dobrzański, A. Achtelik-Franczak, P. Malara, M. Szindler, L. Kroll

>@: 8WHU - +HJHZDOG : $EHUHU ) $\DOD $- %LUFKHU-%UDVFK3-&RHQUDDGVHWDO7KH(XURSHDQ VWDQGDUGVHULHVLQ(XURSHDQFRXQWULHVILUVW UHVXOWVRIWKH(XURSHDQ6XUYHLOODQFH6\VWHPRQ&RQWDFW $OOHUJLHV &RQWDFW 'HUPDWLWLV     GRLM[ >@5ĝSLHZDN $OOHUJLFFRQWDFWGHUPDWLWLVLQFKLOGKRRG$ UHYLHZ DQG PHWDDQDO\VLV $OOHUJRORJLH     LQ*HUPDQ  >@5 1RZRVLHOVNL $ *DZODV0XFKD $ %RURZVNL $ *XZHU )DEULFDWLRQ DQG SURSHUWLHV RI PDJQHVLXP EDVHG DOOR\V0J&D-RXUQDORI$FKLHYHPHQWVLQ0DWHULDOVDQG 0DQXID¤FWX¤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ySH]/R]DQR ' 7RUUHV/DJDUHV 0- 6XiUH] *DUFtD 0LVILW DQG PLFUROHDNDJH RI LPSODQWVXSSRUWHG FURZQ FRSLQJV REWDLQHG E\ ODVHU VLQWHULQJ DQG FDVWLQJ WHFKQLTXHVOXWHGZLWKJODVVLRQRPHUUHVLQFHPHQWVDQG DFU\OLFXUHWKDQHEDVHGDJHQWV-RXUQDORI'HQWLVWU\   >@5&2\DJXH$6DQFKH]7XUULRQ-)/RSH]/R]DQR- 0RQWHUR $ $OEDODGHMR 0- 6XiUH]*DUFt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áRZVNL / .OLPHN $ 5]HSNRZVNL * 6RNRáRZVNL 0 &DMGOHU 0 àXNRPVND6]\PDĔVND (YDOXDWLRQ RI VHOHFWHG SURSHUWLHV RI PHWDO FRPSRQHQWV RI SURVWKHVHV PDGH RI &R&U DOOR\V E\ ODVHU PLFURIDLQWLQJPLOOLQJDQGVLQWHULQJPHWKRGV-RXUQDORI 6WRPDWRORJ\   LQ3ROLVK  >@):LWWH+8OULFK&3DOP(:LOOEROG%LRGHJUDGDEOH PDJQHVLXP VFDIIROGV 3DUW ,, 3HULLPSODQW ERQH UHPRGHOOLQJ -RXUQDO RI %LRPHGLFDO 0DWHULDOV 5HVHDUFK 3DUW$  

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

The new generation of the biological-engineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds

>@9. %DOOD 6 %RGKDN 6 %RVH $ %DQG\RSDGK\D\ 3RURXV WDQWDOXP VWUXFWXUHV IRU ERQH LPSODQWV )DEUL¤FDWLRQ PHFKD¤QLFDO DQG LQ YLWUR ELRORJLFDO SURSHUWLHV$FWD%LRPDWHULDOLD   >@@55HWWLJ69LUWDQHQ7LPHGHSHQGHQWHOHFWURFKHPLFDO FKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQ RI WKH FRUURVLRQ RI D PDJQHVLXP UDUH HDUWK DOOR\ LQ VLPXODWHG ERG\ IOXLGV -RXUQDO RI %LR PHGLFDO0DWHULDOV5HVHDUFK3DUW$   >@. 'DV 9. %DOOD $ %DQG\RSDGK\D\ 6 %RVH 6XU¤IDFH PRGLILFDWLRQ RI ODVHUSURFHVVHG SRURXV WLWDQLXP IRU ORDGEHDULQJ LPSODQWV 6FULSWD 0DWHULDOLD    >@-(PVOH\ 1DWXUH¶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ąEURZVNL-3DF\QD-.RFKDĔF]\N7KHIRUPDWLRQ RI PLFURVWUXFWXUH RI DQG IUDFWXUH WRXJKQHVV RI 7L$O 1EDOOR\IRUELRPHGLFDODSSOLFDWLRQV$FWD%LR2SWLFD HW ,QIRUPDWLFD 0HGLFD %LRPHGLFDO (QJLQHHULQJ    LQ3ROLVK  >@&- %RHKOHUW &- &RZHQ -3 4XDVW 7 $NDKRUL 0 1LLQRPL)DWLJXHDQGZHDUHYDOXDWLRQRI7L$O1EDOOR\V IRU ELRPHGLFDO DSSOLFDWLRQV 0DWHULDOV 6FLHQFH DQG (QJLQHHULQJ&  GRLMPVHF  >@0 :DONRZLDN3U]\E\áR / .OLPHN : 2NUyM : -DNXERZVNL 0 &KZLáND $ &]DMND % :DONRZLDN $GKHVLRQDFWLYDWLRQ DQG DJJUHJDWLRQ RI EORQG SODWHOHV DQGELRILOPIRUPDWLRQRQWKHVXUIDFHVRIWLWDQLXPDOOR\V 7L$O9 DQG 7L$O1E -RXUQDO RI %LRPHGLFDO 0DWHULDOV 5HVHDUFK 3DUW $     GRL MEPD >@%99HQNDWDUPDQ66XGKD9DQDGLXPWR[LFLW\$VLDQ -RXUQDORI([SHULPHQWDO6FLHQFHV   >@+$1JZD$.DQWKDVDP\9$QDQWKDUDP&6RQJ7 :LWWH 5 +RXN $* .DQWKDVDP\ 9DQDGLXP LQGXFHV GRSDPLQHUJLF QHXURWR[LFLW\ YLD SURWHLQ NLQDVH &GHOWD GHSHQGHQW R[LGDWLYH VLJQDOLQJ PHFKDQLVPV 5HOHYDQFH WR HWLRSDWKRJHQHVLV RI 3DUNLQVRQ¶V GLVHDVH 7R[LFRORJ\ DQG $SSOLHG 3KDUPDFRORJ\    GRL MWDDS >@: 2NUyM / .OLPHN 3 .RPRURZVNL % :DONRZLDN %ORRGSODWHOHWVFRQWDFWZLWKWLWDQLXPDOOR\7L$O9DQG ZLWK LWV PRGLILHG VXUIDFHV (QJLQHHULQJ RI %LRPDWHULDOV    LQ3ROLVK  >@@( 2OĊG]ND 0 6REF]DN :/ .RáRG]LHMVNL 3RO\PHUV LQPHGLFLQHUHYLHZRIUHFHQWVWXGLHV3RO\PHUV    LQ3ROLVK  >@3 5RDFK ' (JOLQ . 5RQGH && 3HUU\ 0RGHUQ ELRPDWHULDOVDUHYLHZEXONSURSHUWLHVDQGLPSOLFDWLRQV RI VXUIDFH PRGLILFDWLRQV -RXUQDO RI 0DWHULDOV 6FLHQFH 0DWHULDOV LQ 0HGLFLQH     GRL V >@0 7DQDND 'HVLJQ RI QRYHO ' DQG ' ELRLQWHUIDFHV XVLQJ VHOIRUJDQL]DWLRQ WR FRQWURO FHOO EHKDYLRU %LRFKLPLFDHW%LRSK\VLFD$FWD   GRLMEEDJHQ >@$'LHQHU%1HEH3%HFNHU8%HFK)/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oDOYH]59=DQHWWL$ =DQHWWL-0*UDQMHLUR(IIHFWRIURXJKQHVVRI]LUFRQLD DQG WLWDQLXP RQ ILEUREODVW DGKHVLRQ $UWLILFLDO 2UJDQV     GRL M [ >@-0 àRSDFLĔVND & *UDGLQDUX 5 :LHU]ELFNL & .¡EOHU066FKPLGW070DGVHQ06NROLPRZVNL 0 'XIYD + )O\YEMHUJ . 0¡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

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

The new generation of the biological-engineering materials for applications in medical and dental implant-scaffolds

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tD 0\REODVW SUROLIHUDWLRQ DQG GLIIHUHQWLDWLRQ RQ ILEURQHFWLQFRDWHG VHOIDVVHPEOHG PRQROD\HUV SUHVHQWLQJ GLIIHUHQW VXUIDFH FKHPLVWULHV %LRPDWHULDOV     GRL MELRPDWHULDOV >@/$ 'REU]DĔVNL ' 3DNXáD 0 6WDV]XN &KHPLFDO 9DSRU 'HSRVLWLRQ LQ 0DQXIDFWXULQJ LQ $@/$ 'REU]DQVNL . *RORPEHN . /XNDV]NRZLF] 3K\VLFDO 9DSRU 'HSRVLWLRQ LQ 0DQXIDFWXULQJ LQ $@$' 'REU]DQVND'DQLNLHZLF] &RPSXWHU LQWHJUDWHG GHYHORSPHQW SUHGLFWLRQ PHWKRGRORJ\ LQ PDWHULDOV VXUIDFHHQJLQHHULQJ2SHQ$FFHVV/LEUDU\    LQ3ROLVK  >@$' 'REU]DQVND'DQLNLHZLF] )RUHVLJKW RI PDWHULDO VXUIDFH HQJLQHHULQJ DV D WRRO EXLOGLQJ D NQRZOHGJH EDVHG HFRQRP\ 0DWHULDOV 6FLHQFH )RUXP    >@$' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] 7KH %RRN RI &ULWLFDO 7HFKQRORJLHV RI 6XUIDFH DQG 3URSHUWLHV )RUPDWLRQ RI (QJLQHHULQJ 0DWHULDOV 2SHQ $FFHVV /LEUDU\    LQ3ROLVK 

READING DIRECT: www.archivesmse.org



>@/$ 'REU]DĔVNL $' 'REU]DĔVND'DQLNLHZLF] )RUHVLJKW RI WKH 6XUIDFH 7HFKQRORJ\ LQ 0DQXIDFWXULQJ LQ $@76XQWROD-$QWVRQ0HWKRGIRUSURGXFLQJFRPSRXQG WKLQILOPV863DW >@, 3LZRĔ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±&KLQD±(XURSHZZZFKHPDWFRPDFFHVV  >@-' :ULJWK 1$-0 6RPPHUGLMN 6RO*HO 0DWHULDOV &KHPLVWU\ DQG $SSOLFDWLRQV *RUGRQ DQG %UHDFK 6FLHQFH3XEOLVKHUV$PVWHUGDP >@. +ZDQJ - 6RQJ % .DQJ @