Patients like Doctors with Degrees. ⢠They do not go to ... And⦠DEGREES ARE THROUGH. SCIENTIFIC .... Computers read your paper, clasify and scan all.
Medical writing in 2015 What is a good paper, what is a good journal WHAT DO JOURNALS NEED?
Marius M. SCARLAT, MD, PhD Editor « International Orthopaedics »
Patients like Doctors with Degrees • • • •
They do not go to sorcerers! They want a scientific doctor They want acknowledged MD Here the degrees come…
DEGREES ARE THROUGH SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION
• And…
• • • • • • • •
CREDIBILITY! KNOWLEDGE WISDOM RESPECT DEGREES TITLES AWARDS FAME GLORY
Old Europeean Library in Ireland
• • • • • • • •
CREDIBILITY! KNOWLEDGE WISDOM RESPECT DEGREES TITLES AWARDS FAME GLORY
Credibility = Credentials • Credentials through publications • Very difficult work, seems simple • The number and the QUALITY of the papers (how many citations?) • The credibility of the Journal • It’s like the credibility of your school
Peer-review Journals
Surgery Publications • • • •
Original studies, experimental and clinical Personal work for a thesis Rare cases Medical synthesis – (statistics, analysis)
• Instructional Courses Coimbra library (Portugal) • Descriptive of procedures and techniques
DO THEY HAVE THE SAME VALUE?
How Could we Measure Authors, Papers, Journals?
Ruins of the Ephesus library (4th century)
INSTITUTIONS • Thomson Reuters (ISI) • Google Scholar • Medline (PubMed)
TOOLS • The Impact Factor (for Journals) • The Journal Performance Indicator (for Journals) • The Hirsch h-Index (for Authors) • The number of citations (for Authors) • The number of downloads… (for authors and journals)
How did it happened… • Garfield Eugene - Science 122(3159):108-11 (1955) Introduces the idea of an IF for scientific references IF developped in 1961 for Genetics Science Citation Index (SCI) was born • Thomson Reuters invented in the '60s the journal "impact factor." formerly named ISI. Thomson Reuters began to publish Journal Citation Reports® (JCR®) in 1975 Dr. Garfield in 2OO5
The Impact Factor • A journal’s IF is based on two elements:
• the numerator is the number of citations in the current year to any items published in the journal in the previous 2 years • denominator, the number of articles (source items) published in the same 2 years.
CITATIONS in 2015 for papers published in 2013 and 2014 Total papers published in 2013 and 2014
The Impact Factor • STRONGER IS THE IF of THE JOURNAL YOU CHOOSE – STRONGER IS YOUR PAPER IMPACT AND VISIBILITY
The Usage Factor A New tool for measuring the performance of a publication Introduced by SPRINGER VERLAG Measures Downloads for a publication Hong Kong library Downloads in 2O11 of papers published in:
Number of papers published in:
PubMed (Medline) Major provider of Library Information Over 24 Million publications analyzed, all types A beautiful institution How it works: - Subscriptions for PubMed journals - All Open Access Journals - All books
But, what about YOUR publications?
National Library of Serbia - Belgrad
How do we measure YOUR performance?
CHICAGO Public Library
The Hirsch Index (h-index) • Jorge E. Hirsch: Argentinian born US Physicist • The index is based on the distribution of citations received by a researcher's publications.
The H-index is not perfect • • • •
Co-authorship Number of papers Years in publication …but is still the method used for grading the scientists
The New Library of Alexandria – Egypt
Reasearch Gate
Open and Transparent tool to see specialists in different domains of science
The value of a research is: • Being read by the pairs • Being recognized by the pairs (peer-review J) • Being referenced by other authors - CITATIONS
Boston library
Who will read your paper? • Virtually everybody could • …but in fact very few do… • Computers read your paper, clasify and scan all the information you provide • …then, they bring the information to the public via a system based on the bolean research. • PubMed will make it visible for the public, BUT Someone have to look for the information you provide : TAKE CARE OF YOUR KEYWORDS
Times Square, NYC THOMSON REUTERS
THOMSON REUTERS
• This Institution will grade your paper, your journal, the information you provide • This institution have the most powerful tools for grading scientific databases • It’s mathematics applied to librarian work
Thomson Reuters Medical Literature Analyzer (TR building in Philadelphia, PA) • unique and effective publication planning tool • measures the potential impact of scientific information on the clinical practices of healthcare professionals.
Someone will assess your paper and will answer a few questions: • Science — are the underlying scientific methodology and data relevant and clear? • Evidence — how well is the statement supported by the article? • Format — are the data comprehensively presented? • Quality — what is the credibility and reach of the publication?
HOW TO DO RELEVANT RESEARCH • PREPARE YOUR IDEA FOR PUBLICATION • DO A THOROUGH RESEARCH FOR WHAT IS THE STATE OF THE ART IN THE FIELD WHERE YOU INTENT TO PUBLISH
READ EVERYTHING IN YOUR DOMAIN
Research Tools for Authors • GET AND ORDER REFERENCES – ENDNOTE or REFERENCE MANAGER , MENDELEY
• KEYWORDS RESEARCH LOOKING IN… – PUBMED – SCOPUS – SPRINGERLINK – OVID
• READ EVERYTHING RELEVANT IN THE DOMAIN
British National Library
Then, you CAN DOWNLOAD! Pdf files are available through Internet Needs subscription…
Downloads replaced physiscal subscription and it grows with computers, smartphones, tablets, readers pads, i.e. Open Access Publications are growing too
The IF in orthopaedic publications is low • The volume of research and data published in orthopaedics could not compete with organic chemistry or molecular physics
The H Index is speciality - dependent
That is why • The IF and the H-index are not the perfect tools to measure the notoriety of a surgeon • They are currently used to acknowledge your academic achievements • It is not perfect but, hence, this is the way • Maybe…tomorow ? Open Access Journal? Independent Academic Institutions?
A New Alternative way to measure impact of research in Computer Data and Media
Top Biology Journals and Impact Factor TOP 2O Journals HAVE Impact Factors OVER 2O!
Library of the UW in Seattle, WA
Top Biology Journals and Impact Factor TOP 2O Journals HAVE Impact Factors OVER 2O!
How do the Orthopaedic Journals Rank
Abbreviated Journal Title
Publisher
ISSN
Total Cites
Impact Factor
IF without Journal Self Cites
5-Year Impact Factor
1
J BONE JOINT SURG JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC AM
00219355
37,434 5.280
4.738
4.839
2
J BONE JOINT SURG BRITISH EDITORIAL SOC BONE JOINT BR SURGERY
0301620X
18,680 3.309
3.309
3.479
3
ACTA ORTHOP
INFORMA HEALTHCARE
17453674
7,110 2.771
2.467
3.080
4
CLIN ORTHOP RELAT R
SPRINGER
0009921X
33,247 2.765
2.463
3.366
5
J AM ACAD ORTHOP SUR
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
1067151X
3,526 2.527
2.473
3.275
SPRINGER
03412695
5,708 2.110
1.504
2.356
6 INT ORTHOP
2000-2014 The Overall Number of
Orthopaedic journals increased from 24 to 72 more than any other surgical specialty
• the average IF up from 0.842 to 1.400.
• Journals printed in English had higher IF
US journals had a higher avg. IF in 2014 than European Journals (2.;; vs 0.9) - Orthopaedics is 7th out of 11 Surgical Specialties in 2014 (STRONG COMPETITION) The Editorial Board of International orthopaedics in Paris 2O14
YOU PUBLISH FOR NOTORIETY BUT ALSO FOR YOUR MENTAL UPGRADE
• Your work makes you a better scientist • Your notoriety is local – look around! • However: The final aim is to publish good quality and scientifically true data! • THE EDITORS ARE HERE FOR YOU!
Reading hall at the Denver public library.
Practical Advices for writers
National Library of Romania
DEFINE THE TYPE OF STUDY, write about this in your letter to the Editor…
• Treatment Studies investigate the results of treatment on patient outcomes and complications. • Prognosis Studies investigate the natural history of a disease or disorder, and evaluate the effect of a patient characteristic on the outcome of the disease. • Diagnostic Studies evaluate the effectiveness of a diagnostic test or outcome assessment. • Economic/Decision Analysis or Modeling Studies explore costs and alternatives or may either develop or assess the effectiveness of decision models. • Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses are assigned a Level of Evidence equivalent to the lowest level of evidence used from the manuscripts analyzed. • Prospective Study-Defined is a study in which the research question was developed, (and the statistical analysis for determining power) were developed before data was collected. • Retrospective Study-Defined is a study in which the research question was determined after the data was collected (even for studies where the authors collected general data prospectively).
- PLEASE REMEMBER THIS SLIDE-
To Prepare your manuscript
• Establish what you want to say • Follow the scheme IMRAD • Randomized controlled trials - CONSORT guidelines (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) http://www.consort-statement.org
• Observational studies - STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) http://www.strobe-statement.org)
• Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses - PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses) guidelines http://www.prisma-statement.org ).
To Prepare your manuscript
• READ CAREFULLY THE INSTRUCTIONS – Get your technical ponts very accurate (references, tables, drawings, figures, etc)
• Avoid case reports unless they are really RARE: weak impact
To Prepare your manuscript • READ CAREFULLY THE INSTRUCTIONS – Get your technical points very accurate (references, tables, drawings, figures, etc)
• • • •
sharp, clean, short good looking manuscript
Practical Advices for writers • …and when it’s done… • Ask advice from an Academic English speaker
• Choose the Journal • Read CAREFULLY the Instructions for Authors • Submit online
• …BUT!!!...
Be careful with
KEYWORDS AND TITLE ! The readers search using keywords Classifications for librarians Databases on computers End-result: PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Springerlink, BioMed Lib
When THEY acknowledged you… …YOU ARE AN AUTHOR
How important are the following when deciding to submit a manuscript to a journal? 5=Not important 2
3
4
1=Very important
(N = 35 respondents, 5-point rating: 1=very important to 5=not important interviews held between Jan, 2011 until Dec 2012)
The Editors are here for you!
THANK YOU! …and Welcome to our Next …
