Thermal performance simula on technologies contribu ...
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Thermal performance simula on technologies contribu ...
Thermal performance simula1on technologies contribu1ng to sustainable shelter innova1on Sophie Obyn, Geoffrey van Moeseke, André De Herde Architecture et climat, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-‐la-‐Neuve, Belgium Vincent Virgo, Cecilia Braedt Shelter Research Unit, IFRC At AIDEX 2013, Brussels
Thermal modeling and shelters ? • What is thermal modeling? • Why to use it for shelter improvement? • How to do?
Thermal models? Mul1zonal dynamic – One room = one point – Simulate Wme evoluWon – Buidling scale
Pictures : hZp://www.designbuilder.co.uk and hZp://store.aiguasol.coop
Computa1onal fluid dynamics – One room = millions of points – Simulate spacial distribuWons – Room scale
Why a thermal model of shelters ? • Health problems related to indoor condiWons – Too cold or too hot – Stuffy or too dry – Poor air quality in crowded badly venWlated spaces
• Comfort – Same parameters as health in a more limited range of values
• Fuel dependance – Improving thermal behaviour of the tents may reduce the logisWc problem of fuel supply
Case study : IFRC/UNHCR family tent
Picture : hZp://www.nrs-‐internaWonal.com/
How to do such a model?
• • • •
Step 1 : data acquisiWon Step 2 : model creaWon Step 3 : model validaWon Step 4 : analysis
Step 1 : data acquisiWon • Thermal behaviour in various climates – BBRI experimental facility, LimeleZe Belgium – Burundi
• Thermal behaviour in various operanWng condiWons – Maximal airWghtness : all openings closed – Free flaot sumer condiWons : minimal airWghtness – Free float winter condiWons : closed windows but opened vents – Controlled winter condiWons : t° evoluWon when heaWng
Belgian Building Research InsWtute Aidex2013
LimeleZe
Wind measure staWon
Prevailing winds
Shelter
13 thermocouples
in the shelter and between the inner and outer tents
BBRI field experiment 35
t° inside
t° between tents
t° west entrance
t° external
30 25 20 15 10 5 16 h 00 0 h 00 8 h 00 16 h 00 0 h 00 8 h 00 16 h 00 0 h 00
Burundi field experiment
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 12:00
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12:00
00:00
12:00
00:00
12:00
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12:00
family tent
00:00
12:00
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Burundi field experiment external
Other datas : fabric properWes • Both from liZeracy and lab measurments Outer tent
