Activity 1: Count the verbs in each of the following sentences. What do you ...
Activity 2: Join two simple sentences together using a connective. Choose one ...
Using connectives
Worksheet 2a
Activity 1: Count the verbs in each of the following sentences. What do you notice?
1
2 He walked to the shops.
4
I go shopping on Saturdays.
3 Claire went to the party.
She moves house tomorrow.
5
Morgan hates sleepovers.
6 Peter loved tennis.
Activity 2: Join two simple sentences together using a connective. Choose one sentence from the top, a connective from the middle, and another sentence from the bottom. Join them together to create a long sentence, e.g. He always went on his Xbox if his mum went out.
Choose one of these sentences … t on his Xbox. 1. He always wen 2. Peter always listens to The Kil 3. Claire went to the party.
lers.
g. ok in the evenin 4. I go on Facebo
5. Morgan usually goes to the cin ema.
6. I hang out at the skate park.
Add a subordinating connective ... when
if
because
Choose another sentence … a. It was her boyfriend’s bir thday.
n b. It’s su
c. There Ther is a Zac Efron movie showing.
. e. I have no time during the day
t out. d. His mum wen
nd. ourite ba v a f s i h are f. They
Masterclass 2: Building complex sentences SMART ENGLISH PROGRESS IN AFs: WRITING AF5
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ny.
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Worksheet 2b
Complex sentences
Activity 1: Extend sentences 1 to 10 below to make new, complex sentences.
1.
I eat ice cream when …
2.
I eat fruit because …
3.
I eat peas if …
4.
You listen to music when …
5.
You listen to the radio if …
6.
You listen to your teacher because …
7.
Kate cried when …
8.
Heidi laughed because …
9.
James gets cross if …
10. I love the summer holidays because …
Activity 2: Write five simple sentences below – don’t include a connective. Give your simple sentences to a partner, who must choose a connective (when, because, if) for each one to make complex sentences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Masterclass 2: Building complex sentences SMART ENGLISH PROGRESS IN AFs: WRITING AF5
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Worksheet 2c
Glossary of grammatical terms
antithesis
Something that is the direct opposite of something else, e.g. pleasure and pain.
clause
Part of a sentence that contains its own verb (and often the subject and object), e.g. she looked at the boy.
complex sentence
A sentence that has at least one main clause and one subordinate (dependent) clause, e.g. She looked at the boy because he was crying. Complex sentences often use conjunctions between clauses or at the start of sentences, e.g. although, before, because, since, until. Complex sentences often use the pronouns who, which or that to add information, e.g. The women who were shouting at the boy came closer.
compound sentence
A sentence that has two or more main clauses joined by and, but, or or, e.g. Catherine is a gymnast but Claire likes ballet.
connective
A word or phrase that links sentences, clauses or phrases, e.g. I like The Killers and Florence and the Machine.
embedded clause
A clause that is placed within the main sentence, rather than at the beginning or the end. It can be spotted if the main clause seems broken up, e.g. The boy, who was only nine years old, was an excellent violinist.
imperative main clause
The form of a verb used in commands, e.g. Come here!
modal verb
A verb used to express the mood of another verb and to express degrees of possibility, e.g. you must do your homework; you could go to the party. The main modal verbs are can, could, must, might, shall, should, would.
noun
A word that names a person, place or thing, e.g. The book lay on the table.
noun phrase
A group of words that act as a noun, usually a series of adjectives describing a noun, e.g. the cool blue water.
phrase
A group of words that make sense within a clause or sentence but cannot stand on their own, e.g. the old grey mare; speaking slowly.
preposition
A word that expresses the relationship between things, e.g. dessert came after dinner; he sat on the bed.
A clause that stands alone and makes sense on its own, e.g. I walked to the shops.
prepositional phrase A phrase that contains a preposition and explains the relationship between things, people or ideas, e.g. There is a skate park behind the sports centre.
rhetorical question
A question asked for impact and effect, which is not really a request for information, e.g. Can this really go on?
simple sentence
A sentence that has one main verb (one clause), e.g. Tom likes football.
subordinate clause
A clause that only makes sense with another clause, e.g. She wouldn’t be able to go on the school trip unless she could make some money.
subordinating connective
A connective that makes one clause dependent on another, e.g. Zac Efron is my favourite actor because he is really cute.
verb
A word that tells us what someone or something is doing, e.g. He kicked the ball.
verb phrase
A group of words that express an action or state of being, e.g. He might go to the football match if it doesn’t rain.
Masterclass 2: Building complex sentences SMART ENGLISH PROGRESS IN AFs: WRITING AF5
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